FDR Technique
Frequency Domain Reflectometry, (FDR), and Time Domain Reflectometry, (TDR), have similar acronyms, and both
techniques are used to test transmission lines. But, that’s where the similarities end. TDRs are not sensitive to RF
problems: the TDR stimulus is a DC pulse, not RF. Thus, TDRs are unable to detect system faults that often lead to
system failures. Additionally, FDR techniques save costly, time-consuming trouble shooting efforts by testing cable
feedline and antenna systems at their proper operating frequency.
Deficient connectors, lightning arrestors, cables, jumpers, or antennas are replaced before call quality is compromised.
Quick, Simple Measurements
Site Master performs various RF measurements aimed at simplifying cable feedline and antenna system analysis: Return
Loss, SWR, Cable Loss and Distance-to-Fault (DTF). A single key selection on the main menu activates the desired
measurement mode.
tenna analyzer of wireless service providers,
Distance-To-Fault pinpoints the location and
reflection amplitude of transmission line
components.
0.00 dB
60.00 dB
M
1:13.76,1708.1MHz
M2:36.36,1761.6MHz
M
5:15.39,1982.6MHz
M
3:22.91,1777.9MHz
M4:29.34,1926.7MHz
M
6=Off
1550.0 Freq (MHz) 2150.0
RL –– RL1
FlexCal ON Recall 259 Points
M1
M2
M3
M4
All
Off
More
0.00 dB
60.00 dB
M1
M2
M3
M4
All
Off
More
DTF –– DTF1
FlexCal ON Recall 259 Points
M1:34.89dB, 0.3ft
M2:41.83dB,17.4ft
M3:35.60dB,37.8ft
M4:34.56dB,58.7ft
0.0 Dist (ft) 65.0
0.00 dB
5.00 dB
F1=1550.0 MHz
F2=2150.0 MHz
1550.0
Avg Cable Loss = 1.80 dB
Freq (MHz) 2150.0
CL –– CL–S21
F
lexCal ON Recall 259 Points
F1
F2
Signal
Standard
Distance-to-Fault
Although a Return Loss test can tell users the magnitude of signal
reflections, it can not tell the precise location of a fault within the feedline
system. Distance-To-Fault measurements provide the clearest indication of
trouble areas as it tells us both the magnitude of signal reflection and the
location of the signal anomaly
.
Distance-T
o-Fault measurement capability is built into all Site Master models
as a standard feature. Return Loss (SWR) measurement data is processed
using Fast Fourier Transform and the resulting data indicates Return Loss
(SWR) versus distance.
Cable Loss
Cable Loss measurements measure the level of insertion loss within the
cable feedline system. Insertion loss can be verified prior to deployment,
when you have access to both ends of the cable, or on installed cables
without access to the opposite end.
Site Master automatically calculates and displays the average cable loss so
there is no more guess work or a need to perform calculations in the field.
Return Loss, SWR
Return Loss and SWR "system" measurements ensure conformance to
system performance engineering specifications. Measurement easily toggles
between either one of the two modes and can be performed without
climbing the tower.
(12 pages)
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